Efficacy of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists versus metoclopramide for preventing nausea and vomiting during azacitidine chemotherapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes or acute leukemia: a retrospective observational study

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	5-HT₃RA (n = 32)	Metoclopramide (n = 18)	p value
Age (years), median (range)	67.0 (34–88)	63.5 (18–78)	0.357^a
Sex (male), number (%)	21 (65.6)	11 (61.1)	0.750^b
Regimen, number (%)			0.642^c
Azacitidine	28 (87.5)	17 (94.4)
Azacitidine + venetoclax	4 (12.5)	1 (5.6)
Myeloid malignancies, number (%)			0.694^c
MDS	26 (81.3)	16 (88.9)
AML	6 (18.7)	2 (11.1)
Route of administration, number (%)			0.399^c
Subcutaneous	27 (84.4)	17 (94.4)
Intravenous	5 (15.6)	1 (5.5)
RDI of azacitidine and venetoclax (%)	98.9 (80.1-109.7)	97.1 (83.3-114.4)	0.414^a

Data are expressed as the median (range) or the number of patients (percentage in each group). Statistical difference was assessed by ^aunpaired t-test, ^bchi-squared test, and ^cfisher’s exact test. 5-HT₃RA, 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; MDS, myelodysplastic syndromes. Relative dose intensity (RDI) (%) = dose intensity (mg/m²/week)/planned dose intensity (mg/m²/week) × 100

ISSN: 2055-0294