Fig. 2

Fold changes in plasma (a) neuropeptide Y, (b) leptin, (c) acyl-ghrelin, (d) motilin, and (e) substance P levels with respect to baseline (day 1, before administration of chemotherapy). Dotted lines represent changes in individual patients (n = 20). Group data are expressed as mean (yellow circle) ± standard deviation (vertical bar). Significant differences between groups were analyzed by Dunnett’s test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared to day 1. NPY, neuropeptide Y