Table 2 Comparison of wound area (mm²) for diabetic untreated rats (negative controls) and after treatment with Dermazin cream (positive controls), eggshell membrane (ESM) powder, Ulva lactuca powder, and ESM + Ulva lactuca mixture among the study groups, at baseline and after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days

Baseline

332.6 ± 86.54

380.4 ± 22.30^*

391.6 ± 26.32^*

375.2 ± 53.08^*

423.8 ± 26.31

Day 3

262.8 ± 75.84

309.0 ± 18.33^*

250.4 ± 16.15

303.4 ± 67.47^*

357.8 ± 23.75^*,a

Day 7

321.6 ± 34.74

219.6 ± 35.65^*

136.2 ± 28.73^*

250.8 ± 85.25^*

289.6 ± 32.36^*

Day 14

447.6 ± 122.13^a

125.2 ± 41.52^*

44.20 ± 13.68^*

182.6 ± 90.74^*

175.0 ± 23.43^*

Day 21

211.4 ± 130.0^a

14.80 ± 8.53^*,b

2.00 ± 1.22^*,b

48.60 ± 17.02^*,b

41.40 ± 11.99^*,b